Characteristics and Roles of School Gardens in Urban Areas of Japan: Perspective of School Managers

Children spend most of their time at school; thus, agricultural experiences (AEs) in school gardens through organizations are important for children to remain connected agriculture and nature. Although various studies confirm the tremendous benefits gardens, lack on characteristics factors that influence effectiveness AEs is telling. In this study, a questionnaire was developed sent garden managers public elementary schools an urban area Japan analyze influencing descriptive analysis inferential statistics. The results identified location effects type gardens: inside better able ensure safety but have less connection with community; farms outside place AEs; both farm stronger community than those only however, decreased. addition, budget, teachers, supportive policies, motivation among operating noted. Therefore, ensuring government support, coordinating managers, strengthening cooperation between local communities primary issues consideration future.